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Experimental and kinetic study on laminar flame speeds of ammonia/syngas/air at a high temperature and

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 263-276 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0791-7

摘要： The laminar flame speeds of ammonia mixed with syngas at a high pressure, temperature, and different syngas ratios were measured. The data obtained were fitted at different pressures, temperatures, syngas ratios, and equivalence ratios. Four kinetic models (the Glarborg model, Shrestha model, Mei model, and Han model) were compared and validated with experimental data. Pathway, sensitivity and radical pool analysis are conducted to find out the deep kinetic insight on ammonia oxidation and NO formation. The pathway analysis shows that H abstraction reactions and NHi combination reactions play important roles in ammonia oxidation. NO formation is closely related to H, OH, the O radical produced, and formation reactions. NO is mainly formed from reaction, HNO+ H= NO+ H2. Furthermore, both ammonia oxidation and NO formation are sensitive to small radical reactions and ammonia related reactions.

关键词： ammonia mixed with syngas     laminar flame speed     kinetic model     sensitivity analysis     pathway analysis    

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Boosting the direct conversion of NHHCO electrolyte to syngas on Ag/Zn zeolitic imidazolate framework

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第9期   页码 1196-1207 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2289-1

摘要： The electrochemical reduction of NH4HCO3 to syngas can bypass the high energy consumption of high-purity CO2 release and compression after the ammonia-based CO2 capture process. This technology has broad prospects in industrial applications and carbon neutrality. A zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 precursor was introduced with different Ag contents via colloid chemical synthesis. This material was carbonized at 1000 °C to obtain AgZn zeolitic imidazolate framework derived nitrogen carbon catalysts, which were used for the first time for boosting the direct conversion of NH4HCO3 electrolyte to syngas. The AgZn zeolitic imidazolate framework derived nitrogen carbon catalyst with a Ag/Zn ratio of 0.5:1 achieved the highest CO Faradaic efficiency of 52.0% with a current density of 1.15 mA·cm–2 at –0.5 V, a H2/CO ratio of 1–2 (–0.5 to –0.7 V), and a stable catalytic activity of more than 6 h. Its activity is comparable to that of the CO2-saturated NH4HCO3 electrolyte. The highly discrete Ag-Nx and Zn-Nx nodes may have combined catalytic effects in the catalysts synthesized by appropriate Ag doping and sufficient carbonization. These nodes could increase active sites of catalysts, which is conducive to the transport and adsorption of reactant CO2 and the stability of *COOH intermediate, thus can improve the selectivity and catalytic activity of CO.

关键词： Ag catalyst     zeolitic imidazolate framework     CO2 electroreduction     ammonium bicarbonate electrolyte     syngas    

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Syngas composition study

Zhe WANG , Jinning YANG , Zheng LI , Yong XIANG ,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 369-372 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0044-7

摘要： The syngas composition characteristic was investigated in the real slurry-feed gasifier using a detailed gas phase reaction mechanism. The results show that the time for syngas to reach equilibrium is much shorter than the residence time for slurry feed entrained-flow gasifiers, indicating a gas phase species partial equilibrium state. Further calculation shows that the four major species, CO, CO, H, and HO, are in equilibrium via the reaction Bayu PRABOWO,Herri SUSANTO,Kentaro UMEKI,Mi YAN,Kunio YOSHIKAWA. [J]. Front. Energy, 2015, 9(3): 362-370.Ashok Jayawant Rao KECHE, Gaddale AMBA PRASAD RAO. [J]. Front Energ, 2013, 7(3): 300-306.Souman RUDRA, H. T. KIM, Jinwook LEE, L. ROSENDAHL, . [J]. Front. Energy, 2010, 4(3): 402-413. Fuchen WANG , Xinwen ZHOU , Wenyuan GUO , Zhenghua DAI , Xin GONG , Haifeng LIU , Zunhong YU , . [J]. Front. Energy, 2009, 3(1): 117-122.

关键词： entrained-flow     gasifier     syngas    

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Abundance and distribution of ammonia-oxidizing archaea in Tibetan and Yunnan plateau agricultural soils

Kun DING,Xianghua WEN,Liang CHEN,Daishi HUANG,Fan FEI,Yuyang LI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第5期   页码 693-702 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0635-3

摘要： As low oxygen and high ultraviolet (UV) exposure might significantly affect the microbial existence in plateau, it could lead to a specialized microbial community. To determine the abundance and distribution of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) in agricultural soil of plateau, seven soil samples were collected respectively from farmlands in Tibet and Yunnan cultivating the wheat, highland-barley, and colza, which are located at altitudes of 3200–3800 m above sea level. Quantitative PCR (q-PCR) and clone library targeting on gene were used to quantify the abundances of AOA and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), and characterize the community structures of AOA in the samples. The number of AOA cells (9.34 × 10 –2.32 × 10 g soil) was 3.86–21.84 times greater than that of AOB cells (6.91 × 10 –1.24 × 10 g soil) in most of the samples, except a soil sample cultivating highland-barley with an AOA/AOB ratio of 0.90. Based Kendall’s correlation coefficient, no remarkable correlation between AOA abundance and the environmental factor was observed. Additionally, the diversities of AOA community were affected by total nitrogen and organic matter concentration in soils, suggesting that AOA was probably sensitive to several environmental factors, and could adjust its community structure to adapt to the environmental variation while maintaining its abundance.

关键词： ammonia-oxidizing archaea     ammonia-oxidizing bacteria     quantitative PCR     clone library     plateau    

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Heat and mass transfer of ammonia-water in falling film evaporator

Xianbiao BU, Weibin MA, Huashan LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第4期   页码 358-366 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0161-y

摘要： To investigate the performance of heat and mass transfer of ammonia-water during the process of falling film evaporation in vertical tube evaporator, a mathematical model of evaporation process was presented, the solution of which that needed a coordinate transformation was based on stream function. The computational results from the mathematical model were validated with experimental data. Subsequently, a series of parameters, such as velocity, film thickness and concentration, etc., were obtained from the mathematical model. Calculated results show that the average velocity and the film thickness change dramatically at the entrance region when <100 mm, while they vary slightly with the tube length in the fully developed region when >100 mm. The average concentration of the solution reduces along the tube length because of evaporation, but the reducing tendency becomes slow. It can be concluded that there is an optimalβrelationship between the tube length and the electricity generated. The reason for the bigger concentration gradient in the direction is that the smooth tube is chosen in the calculation. It is suggested that the roll-worked enhanced tube or other enhanced tube can reduce the concentration gradient in the film thickness direction and enhance the heat and mass transfer rate.

关键词： falling film evaporation     ammonia-water     heat and mass transfer    

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SIMULATION OF O-BLOWN CO-GASIFICATION OF WOOD CHIP AND POTATO PEEL FOR PRODUCING SYNGAS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第3期   页码 448-457 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023490

摘要：

● Low-value biowaste including wood chip and potato peel was valorized to syngas.

关键词： Aspen Plus     co-gasification     potato peel     syngas     simulation     waste reduction     wood chip    

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Process analysis of syngas production by non-catalytic POX of oven gas

Fuchen WANG , Xinwen ZHOU , Wenyuan GUO , Zhenghua DAI , Xin GONG , Haifeng LIU , Zunhong YU ,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 117-122 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0078-2

摘要： A non-catalytic POX of oven gas is proposed to solve the problem of secondary pollution due to solid wastes produced from the great amount of organic sulfur contained in oven gas in the traditional catalytic partial oxidation (POX) process. A study of the measurement of flow field and a thermodynamic analysis of the process characteristics were conducted. Results show that there exist a jet-flow region, a recirculation-flow region, a tube-flow region, and three corresponding reaction zones in the non-catalytic POX reformer. The combustion of oven gas occurs mainly in the jet-flow region, while the reformation of oven gas occurs mainly in the other two regions. Soot would not be formed by CH cracking at above 1200°C. Since there are very little C hydrocarbons in oven gas, the soot produced would be very tiny, even if they underwent cracking reaction. The integrated model for entrained bed gasification process was applied to simulate a non-catalytic POX reformer. It indicated that the proper oxygen-to-oven gas ratio is 0.22–0.28 at different pressures in the oven gas reformation process.

关键词： oven gas     non-catalytic POX process     syngas    

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Energy and exergy analysis of syngas production from different biomasses through air-steam gasification

S. Rupesh,C. Muraleedharan,P. Arun

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期   页码 607-619 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0439-1

摘要： Gasification is a thermo-chemical reaction which converts biomass into fuel gases in a reactor. The efficiency of conversion depends on the effective working of the gasifier. The first step in the conversion process is the selection of a suitable feedstock capable of generating more gaseous fuels. This paper analyses the performance of different biomasses during gasification through energy and exergy analysis. A quasi-equilibrium model is developed to simulate and compare the feasibility of different biomass materials as gasifier feedstock. Parametric studies are conducted to analyze the effect of temperature, steam to biomass ratio and equivalence ratio on energy and exergy efficiencies. Of the biomasses considered, sawdust has the highest energy and exergy efficiencies and lowest irreversibility. At a gasification temperature of 1000 K, the steam to biomass ratio of unity and the equivalence ratio of 0.25, the energy efficiency, exergy efficiency and irreversibility of sawdust are 35.62%, 36.98% and 10.62 MJ/kg, respectively. It is also inferred that the biomass with lower ash content and higher carbon content contributes to maximum energy and exergy efficiencies.

关键词： gasification     modeling     energy     exergy     syngas    

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Simulation on thermodynamic state of ammonia carbonation at low temperature and low pressure

Jingcai ZHAO, Xingfu SONG, Ze SUN, Jianguo YU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 447-455 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1370-1

摘要： This study on thermodynamic property of NH -CO -H O system provided the basic data for ammonia carbonation. Simulations on vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) of ammonia carbonation with different physical properties were discussed in NH -H O and NH -CO -H O systems, respectively. The results indicated that at low temperature (303.15 K–363.15 K) and pressure (0.1–0.4 MPa), the PR (Peng-Robinson) equation was suitable for the description of the thermodynamic state in NH -H O system. NRTL (Non-Random-Two-Liquid) series models were selected for NH -CO -H O mixed electrolyte solution system. VLE data regression results showed that NRTL series models were suitable for describing thermodynamic properties of NH -CO -H O system, because average relative error fitting with each model was about 1%. As an asymmetric electrolytes model in NRTL model, E–NRTLRK (Electrolyte NRTL Redlich Kwong) could most accurately fit VLE data of NH -CO -H O system, with fitting error less than 1%. In the extent temperature range of 273.15 K–363.15 K, the prediction of product component using E-NRTLRK model for ammonia carbonation agreed well with the data reported in literature.

关键词： vapor-liquid equilibrium     activity coefficient     carbon dioxide     ammonia     NRTL    

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Design guidelines for urea hydrolysers for ammonia demand of the SCR DENOX project in coal-fired power

Peng ZHENG, Xuan YAO, Wei ZHENG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 127-132 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0225-7

摘要： Ammonia is highly volatile and will present substantial environmental and operation hazards when leaking into the air. However, ammonia is the most common reactant in the DENOX project to eliminate NO in the flue gas. The storage and transportation of liquid ammonia has always been a dilemma of the power plant. Urea is a perfect substitute source for ammonia in the plant. Urea hydrolysis technology can easily convert urea into ammonia with low expense. Presently, there is still no self-depended mature urea hydrolysis technology for the DENOX project in China; therefore, this paper proposes several guidelines to design the urea hydrolyser by theoretical analysis. Based on theoretical analysis, a simulation model is built to simulate the chemical reaction in the urea hydrolyser and is validated by the operational data of the commercial hydrolyser revealed in the literature. This paper endeavors to propose suggestions and guidelines to develop domestically urea hydrolysers in China.

关键词： urea     hydrolyser     ammonia     selective catalytic reduction (SCR)    

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Bamboo-like -doped carbon nanotubes encapsulating M(Co, Fe)-Ni alloy for electrochemical production of syngas

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期   页码 498-510 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2082-6

摘要： The electrochemical conversion of CO2-H2O into CO-H2 using renewable energy is a promising technique for clean syngas production. Low-cost electrocatalysts to produce tunable syngas with a potential-independent CO/H2 ratio are highly desired. Herein, a series of N-doped carbon nanotubes encapsulating binary alloy nanoparticles (MxNi-NCNT, M= Fe, Co) were successfully fabricated through the co-pyrolysis of melamine and metal precursors. The MxNi-NCNT samples exhibited bamboo-like nanotubular structures with a large specific surface area and high degree of graphitization. Their electrocatalytic performance for syngas production can be tuned by changing the alloy compositions and modifying the electronic structure of the carbon nanotube through the encapsulated metal nanoparticles. Consequently, syngas with a wide range of CO/H2 ratios, from 0.5:1 to 3.4:1, can be produced on MxNi-NCNT. More importantly, stable CO/H2 ratios of 2:1 and 1.5:1, corresponding to the ratio to produce biofuels by syngas fermentation, could be realized on Co1Ni-NCNT and Co2Ni-NCNT, respectively, over a potential window of –0.8 to –1.2 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode. Our work provides an approach to develop low-cost and potential-independent electrocatalysts to effectively produce syngas with an adjustable CO/H2 ratio from electrochemical CO2 reduction.

关键词： electrochemical reduction of CO2     syngas     N-doped carbon nanotubes     encapsulated alloy nanoparticles     CO/H2 ratio    

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Enhancement on the ammonia oxidation capacity of ammonia-oxidizing archaeon originated from wastewater

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1375-1

摘要：

• AOA’s ammonia oxidizing capacity was enhanced under moderate magnetic field.

关键词： Ammonia-oxidizing archaeon     Ammonia oxidation     Magnetic field     Magnetotaxis     Heredity    

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Experimental investigations on combustion characteristics of syngas composed of CH

Qingwei FAN, Shien HUI, Qulan ZHOU, Qinxin ZHAO, Tongmo XU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 404-410 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0513-x

摘要： The residual gas and remained raw gas in dual gas resources polygeneration system are quite complex in components (mainly CH , CO, and H ), and these results to the distinguished differences in combustion reaction. Experimental investigations on basic combustion characteristics of syngas referred above are conducted on a laboratory-scale combustor with flame temperature and flue gas composition measured and analyzed. Primary air coefficient (PA), total air coefficient (TA), and components of the syngas (CS) are selected as key factors, and it is found that PA dominates mostly the ignition of syngas and NO formation, while TA affects the flue gas temperature after high temperature region and NO formation trend to be positive as H /CO components increase. The results provide references for industrial utilization.

关键词： dual gas resources polygeneration     lean premixed combustion     residual gas     remained raw gas     NOx emission    

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Iteration framework for solving mixed lubrication computation problems

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第16卷 第3期   页码 635-648 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0632-8

摘要： The general discrete scheme of time-varying Reynolds equation loses the information of the previous step, which makes it unreasonable. A discretization formula of the Reynolds equation, which is based on the Crank–Nicolson method, is proposed considering the physical message of the previous step. Gauss–Seidel relaxation and distribution relaxation are adopted for the linear operators of pressure during the numerical solution procedure. In addition to the convergent criteria of pressure distribution and load, an estimation framework is developed to investigate the relative error of the most important term in the Reynolds equation. Smooth surface with full contacts and mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication is tested for validation. The asperity contact and sinusoidal wavy surface are examined by the proposed discrete scheme. Results show the precipitous decline in the boundary of the contact area. The relative error suggests that the pressure distribution is reliable and reflects the accuracy and effectiveness of the developed method.

关键词： mixed lubrication     discretization formula     relative error     Reynolds equation     asperity    

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Enrichment of CO from syngas with Cu(I)Y adsorbent by five-bed VPSA

Shuna LI, Huawei YANG, Donghui ZHANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 472-481 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1351-4

摘要： Cu(I)Y adsorbent was prepared by reduction of Cu(II)Y which was prepared by ion exchange between the NaY zeolite and a solution of Cu(II) chloride. The dynamic adsorption capacity of Cu(I)Y for CO was calculated by adsorption breakthrough curve measured on a fixed bed at 30°C and 0.006 MPa (g) of CO partial pressure. The calculated CO adsorption capacity was 2.14 mmol/g, 37.5 times as much as that of NaY zeolite. The adsorption breakthrough curve experiment was also simulated with Aspen Adsorption software and the results were approximately consistent with experimental results. Then a five-bed VPSA process for separating CO from syngas on this adsorbent was dynamically simulated with Aspen Adsorption software with the adsorption pressure of 0.68 MPa (g) and the desorption pressure of -0.075 MPa (g). The results showed that CO was enriched from 32.3% to 95.16%–98.12%, and its recovery was 88.47%–99.44%.

关键词： Cu(I)Y adsorbent     breakthrough curve     desorption     VPSA     simulation    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Experimental and kinetic study on laminar flame speeds of ammonia/syngas/air at a high temperature and

期刊论文

Boosting the direct conversion of NHHCO electrolyte to syngas on Ag/Zn zeolitic imidazolate framework

期刊论文

Syngas composition study

Zhe WANG , Jinning YANG , Zheng LI , Yong XIANG ,

期刊论文

Abundance and distribution of ammonia-oxidizing archaea in Tibetan and Yunnan plateau agricultural soils

Kun DING,Xianghua WEN,Liang CHEN,Daishi HUANG,Fan FEI,Yuyang LI

期刊论文

Heat and mass transfer of ammonia-water in falling film evaporator

Xianbiao BU, Weibin MA, Huashan LI

期刊论文

SIMULATION OF O-BLOWN CO-GASIFICATION OF WOOD CHIP AND POTATO PEEL FOR PRODUCING SYNGAS

期刊论文

Process analysis of syngas production by non-catalytic POX of oven gas

Fuchen WANG , Xinwen ZHOU , Wenyuan GUO , Zhenghua DAI , Xin GONG , Haifeng LIU , Zunhong YU ,

期刊论文

Energy and exergy analysis of syngas production from different biomasses through air-steam gasification

S. Rupesh,C. Muraleedharan,P. Arun

期刊论文

Simulation on thermodynamic state of ammonia carbonation at low temperature and low pressure

Jingcai ZHAO, Xingfu SONG, Ze SUN, Jianguo YU

期刊论文

Design guidelines for urea hydrolysers for ammonia demand of the SCR DENOX project in coal-fired power

Peng ZHENG, Xuan YAO, Wei ZHENG

期刊论文

Bamboo-like -doped carbon nanotubes encapsulating M(Co, Fe)-Ni alloy for electrochemical production of syngas

期刊论文

Enhancement on the ammonia oxidation capacity of ammonia-oxidizing archaeon originated from wastewater

期刊论文

Experimental investigations on combustion characteristics of syngas composed of CH

Qingwei FAN, Shien HUI, Qulan ZHOU, Qinxin ZHAO, Tongmo XU

期刊论文

Iteration framework for solving mixed lubrication computation problems

期刊论文

Enrichment of CO from syngas with Cu(I)Y adsorbent by five-bed VPSA

Shuna LI, Huawei YANG, Donghui ZHANG

期刊论文